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ACOUSTIC EMISSION SYSTEM (HARDWARE & SOFTWARE)
Categories:
Acoustic Emission, Monitoring
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Æmission is a specialized digitizer/recorder, designed for conducting acoustic emission surveys at high speeds of 1.25MSps@18bit or 5MSps@16bit. Patented algorithms, developed in collaboration with the Polytechnic University of Turin, are incorporated into the internal FPGA.
Description
Æmission is a specialized digitizer/recorder, designed for conducting acoustic emission surveys at high speeds of 1.25MSps@18bit or 5MSps@16bit. Patented algorithms, developed in collaboration with the Polytechnic University of Turin, are incorporated into the internal FPGA.
With Æmission, the acoustic emission waves can be processed locally, enabling the extraction of crucial information such as βt, b-value, and cumulative count.
This cutting-edge technology is currently being used in MONFRON, a large experimental project funded by Regione Toscana.
How it Works
Acoustic emission (AE) is a phenomenon where stress waves are generated and propagated through a material as a result of changes in the material’s internal structure or due to external mechanical loading. These stress waves can be detected and analyzed to provide information about the condition of the material, such as the presence of cracks or other types of damage.
AE testing is a non-destructive testing technique that is used to detect and monitor the development of cracks in various types of structures, including metals, concrete, and composite materials. When a structure undergoes mechanical loading or experiences a change in temperature or other environmental factors, it can produce acoustic emissions that are captured by sensors placed on the surface of the structure.
The captured signals are then analyzed using specialized software and hardware to identify the source of the AE and the location of any damage within the structure. By monitoring AE activity over time, engineers and technicians can detect and track the growth of cracks, enabling them to assess the structural integrity of the material and make informed decisions about maintenance, repair, or replacement. AE testing is a useful tool for ensuring the safety and reliability of structures in a variety of industries, including aerospace, civil engineering, and manufacturing.
Major application of AE techniques are:
- Localization of cracks inside the material
- Crack evolution (stable or dangerous)
- Bolt state of health measurements
- Structural Health monitoring (predictive alarms)
Æmission is supplied with 8 piezoceramic sensors, the sensing elements were selected and characterized with the help of the Polithecnic University of Turin to suit civil structure monitoring and to get the most accurate signals.
Sensors are placed around the area that is to be monitored and connected to the Æmission by 10 meter cables.
Analog signals, coming from the piezoceramic sensors are first electronically conditioned and level adapted by a cascade of analog filters before they can be converted into digital.
Eight high speed ADCs (1.25MSps@18bit or 5MSpsp@16bit) continuously convert the analog signal into digital, synchronized to the same clock source.
Digital signals are then parallelly acquired and processed by the FPGA and, according to the defined parametrization, only the events that satisfy the setting parameters are transferred to the Linux CPU.
Inside the Linux CPU events are stored locally and can be shared remotely by WiFi or 3.5G connection.
The integrated GNSS receiver can synchronize more Æmission units; a virtually limitless number of acoustic sensors can be acquired.
After a reasonable period of monitoring, the plots of the parameters are available and are useful in understand the nature of the cracking pattern and to give an analysis to the monitored structure.
The following graph represents an ongoing survey in a marble quarry.
In order are represented:
- AE cumulative count
- AE/hour
- Frequency of events
- Amplitude of events
- βt
- b-value
A 3D graph of the emission sources is represented in the graph below
Blue squares are the AE sensors, red dots reppresent the localization of the sources of emissions.
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